Mexico
GDP was US$1.83 trillion in 2025 (current US dollars). Real GDP grew 0.6% in 2025. GDP per capita at purchasing-power parity was $21,912 (constant 2021 international dollars, 2025).
What is Mexico’s position, and what is its link to Canada?
Mexico’s trade equals 79.9% of GDP, but growth was 0.6% in 2025 and output per worker is lower than in 2000
Structure and recent performance
Mexico produced US$1.8 trillion in 2025. Real GDP grew 0.6% in 2025, 1.4% in 2024 and 3.1% in 2023, ranking 12th of 13 in 2025. Manufacturing is 20.0% of GDP and trade 79.9% (up from 49.9% in 2000). Inflation was 3.8% and modelled unemployment 2.7%. Output per worker is $48,141, below its 2000 level of $53,742, and GDP per person at purchasing-power parity is $21,912. Central government debt is 50.3% of GDP (2024) and net lending/borrowing -5.9%.
Strengths and vulnerabilities
The data show a deeply integrated manufacturing economy with moderate debt and a young population (8.5% aged 65 and over). They also show weak growth, falling output per worker over 25 years and low research spending (0.3% of GDP). This report holds no data on Mexico's trade with the United States, one of the main channels through which US policy reaches Mexico.
Connections to Canada
Mexico supplied 6.8% of Canada's merchandise imports in 2025 and took 1.1% of its exports.
At the joint review on 1 July 2026 the United States did not agree to renew the Canada–United States–Mexico Agreement in its current form, so it was not renewed. It remains in force until 2036.
Evidence: Office of the United States Trade Representative: Ambassador Greer Issues Statement on the USMCA Joint Review; Global Affairs Canada: Statement by Minister LeBlanc following trilateral CUSMA joint review meeting
"The sample" in this profile means the twelve economies that have a profile here: the United States, China, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Japan, India, South Korea, Canada, Mexico, Brazil and Australia. It is not a ranking of all countries, and each comparison uses the latest year available for each country, which can differ.
What the data say about Mexico
GDP was US$1.83 trillion in 2025 (current US dollars). Real GDP grew 0.6% in 2025. GDP per capita at purchasing-power parity was $21,912 (constant 2021 international dollars, 2025). Consumer price inflation averaged 3.8% in 2025. The modelled unemployment rate was 2.7% in 2025. Exports plus imports equalled 80% of GDP in 2025. Population was 131.9 million in 2025.
| Indicator | Latest | Year | Freshness | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GDP (current US$) US$ (current) | 1.833e+12 | 2025 | current | WDI NY.GDP.MKTP.CD |
| GDP, PPP (constant 2021 international $) international $ (2021 PPP) | 2.891e+12 | 2025 | current | WDI NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.KD |
| GDP growth (annual %) % change, annual | 0.56 | 2025 | current | WDI NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG |
| GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2021 international $) international $ (2021 PPP) | 21,911.93 | 2025 | current | WDI NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.KD |
| GDP per capita (current US$) US$ (current) | 13,889.23 | 2025 | current | WDI NY.GDP.PCAP.CD |
| GDP per capita growth (annual %) % change, annual | -0.27 | 2025 | current | WDI NY.GDP.PCAP.KD.ZG |
| Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) % change, annual average | 3.81 | 2025 | current | WDI FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG |
| Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) % of labour force (modelled ILO estimate) | 2.67 | 2025 | current | WDI SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS |
| Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate) % of population 15+ (modelled ILO estimate) | 61.61 | 2025 | current | WDI SL.TLF.CACT.ZS |
| Trade (% of GDP) % of GDP | 79.92 | 2025 | current | WDI NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) % of GDP | 39.65 | 2025 | current | WDI NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) % of GDP | 40.28 | 2025 | current | WDI NE.IMP.GNFS.ZS |
| Current account balance (% of GDP) % of GDP | -0.51 | 2025 | current | WDI BN.CAB.XOKA.GD.ZS |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) % of GDP | 22.61 | 2025 | current | WDI NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) % of GDP | 2.43 | 2025 | current | WDI BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS |
| Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP) % of GDP | 19.98 | 2025 | current | WDI NV.IND.MANF.ZS |
| Services, value added (% of GDP) % of GDP | 58.9 | 2025 | current | WDI NV.SRV.TOTL.ZS |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) % of GDP | 3.88 | 2025 | current | WDI NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS |
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) % of GDP | 0.25 | 2024 | current | WDI GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |
| GDP per person employed (constant 2021 PPP $) US$ (constant 2021 PPP) per person employed | 48,140.61 | 2025 | current | WDI SL.GDP.PCAP.EM.KD |
| Population, total persons | 1.319e+8 | 2025 | current | WDI SP.POP.TOTL |
| Population growth (annual %) % change, annual | 0.83 | 2025 | current | WDI SP.POP.GROW |
| Population ages 65 and above (% of total population) % of population | 8.52 | 2025 | current | WDI SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS |
| Central government debt, total (% of GDP) % of GDP (central government) | 50.27 | 2024 | current | WDI GC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS |
| Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP) % of GDP (net lending/borrowing) | -5.95 | 2024 | current | WDI GC.NLD.TOTL.GD.ZS |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) kg of oil equivalent per capita | 1,498.05 | 2024 | current | WDI EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OE |
| Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output) % of electricity output | 23.38 | 2021 | aging | WDI EG.ELC.RNEW.ZS |
| Energy imports, net (% of energy use) % of energy use (net imports) | 27.44 | 2024 | current | WDI EG.IMP.CONS.ZS |
| Net migration persons (5-year net, UN estimate) | -108,037 | 2025 | current | WDI SM.POP.NETM |
| School enrollment, tertiary (% gross) % gross enrolment | 48.2 | 2024 | current | WDI SE.TER.ENRR |
Mexico against Canada and the world
Annual series, 1990 onward.
Charts load as you scroll.
Recorded links between Mexico and Canada
From the relationship graph, with each link’s evidence class.